Chanel
Chanel S.A. is a french fashion house founded in 1910 by Gabrielle Chanel (Coco). This is a privately held company owned by Alain Wertheimer and Gérard Wertheimer, grandsons of Pierre Wertheimer, who was an early business partner of the couturière Coco Chanel. In 2018, Chanel announced that it would be moving its global headquarters to London. Chanel is a luxury company that focuses on high fashion and ready-made clothes, luxury products, jewellery and accessories, and is famous for its simple, elegant designs with their timeless appeal. Ms Chanel created a revolution in the fashion world with her fashion staples - "the little black dress" and Chanel suit, she also was the first to introduce pants for women and became a pioneer in use of jersey fabric produced garments that were comfortable and affordable. In 1921, to complement the suit of clothes, Coco Chanel commissioned the perfumer Ernest Beaux to create a perfume for La Maison Chanel. His perfumes included the perfume No.5, named after the number of the sample Chanel liked best. Originally, a bottle of No. 5 de Chanel was a gift to clients of Chanel. Nowadays the iconic Chanel No 5 perfume continues to be the bestseller worldwide. In 1924 the venture capitalist Pierre Wertheimer was introduced to Coco Chanel: their business deal established the Parfums Chanel company, a parfumerie of which Wertheimer owned 70 per cent, Theophile Bader owned 20 per cent, and Chanel owned 10 per cent; commercial success of the joint enterprise was assured by the Chanel name, and by the cachet of la "Maison Chanel" , which remained the sole business province of Coco Chanel. In 1947 Wertheimer, the majority capital stock owner of Parfums Chanel, saw his business interests threatened, and his commercial rights infringed because he did not possess legally exclusive rights to the Chanel name, as a result the contract from 1924 was renegotiated. Pierre Wertheimer bought Bader's 20 per cent share of the Parfums Chanel, which increased the Wertheimer percentage to 90 per cent.Chanel and her spring collection received the Fashion Oscar at the 1957 Fashion Awards in Dallas. Coco Chanel died on 10 January 1971, at the age of 87.[3] She was still designing at the time of her death. In 1974, the House of Chanel launched Cristalle eau de toilette, which was designed when Coco Chanel was alive. Throughout the 1950s, the sense of style of Chanel continued undeterred; the firm's initial venture into masculine parfumerie, Pour Monsieur was a successful eau de toilette for men. In 1981, Chanel launched Antaeus, an eau de toilette for men. Chanel introduced Coco Mademoiselle and an "In-Between Wear" in 2003, targeting younger women. Designer Chanel has 122 fragrances in its fragrance base, the earlier edition - Les Exclusifs de Chanel Bel Respiro - was created in 1920, the latest - Le Lion de Chanel - was made in 2020.
